Apparatus for gasifying liquids.



APPARATUS FOR GASIFYING LIQUIDS'. APPLICATION FILED Aufs.8, I9I4.

Patented May 2, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

G. A. EYNON.

APPARATUS FOR GASIFYING LIQUIDS.

G. A. EYNON.

AP'PARATUS FOR GASIFYING LIQUIDS. APPLICATION FILED AuG.8.1914.

Panted May 2,1916.

4 SHETS-SHEET 4.

' Liquids,

aanwas raranr onirica.

UNIVERSAL CARBURETOB.

COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, LA CORPORATION OF OHIO.

APPARATUS FDE GASIFYING LIQUIDS.

To allwlzom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. EYNON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cleveland, county of'Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and "use ful Improvement in Apparatus for Gasifylng of which the following isa specilication, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode inA which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish Vit from other inventions.

My invention relates to apparatus for vaporizing and gasifying liquids.

More particularly, my invention relates to apparatus suitable for use in vaporizing and gasifying fuels for use in operating 1nternal combustion engines.

As a particular illustration of my improved apparatus, I shall describe hereinafter means which successfully vaporize and gasify petroleum, not only the lighter distillates but also the heavier distillates, es

pecially all grades of kerosene or even crude oil, particularly a carbureter construction suitable for carrying out the vaporizing and gasifying` ofpetroleum for use in automobiles and allied mechanisms.

By thus referring to the use of the present invention in connection with internal combustion engines, I do not mean to limit the same to this use, as many other adaptations of the invention will readily suggest themselves to men skilled in the various arts.

same; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section upon the lines 3 3, Fig: l; Fig. 4 is a vertical section and elevation upon the lines i- 4, Fig.

3; Fig. 5 is a broken vertical section uponl the lines 5 5, Fig. 3, illustrating particu- Specication of Letters Patent.

.resents a fuel supply pipe, 2 a

Patented May 2, 11916..

Application filed August 8, 1914. Serial No. 855,894.

larly the mixing and combustion chambers land the ignition devices, hereinafter fully described; Fig. 6 is a broken perspective view of the choke-plates hereinafter fully described; and Fig. 7 is a vertical section upon the line 7-7, Fig. 1.

Referring to the annexed drawings, l repscreen or filter, 3 a float needle valve opening regulated by float needle valve 4 operated by float 5 and levers 6 by which a constantY level of fuel is maintained in the fuel chamber.

Fuel passes through the passage 7 toward the preliminary mixing chamber 8, the flow being regulated by the adjusting shaft 9 acting as a valve at 10, said shaft being provided with a threaded portionwhich causes itfupon being turned to regulate the flow of fuel at l0. This regulation s effected as follows: A lever 38 is secured to shaft 9 and a ratchet-Wheel 39 is rotatably mounted upon the said shaft and is engaged byV an opening connection 40 which is secured to the lever 38. An adjusting lever 37 is rotatably mounted upon the shaft 9, is secured to ratchet Wheel'39, and is hinged to a connecting link 36 which in turn is hinged to an adjusting lever 32 provided with extended lugs Lever 32 is actuated by they movement of the shaft 29 upon which is Imounted a butterfly valve 28 of standard The limits of movement for opening and To the accomplishment of the foregoing4 closing the valve 28 are fixed'by the adjusting screw 34..:1nd stop lug 35 against whichl the extended lugs 33 on the adjusting lever 32 strike. Assuming then that the fuel controlled as desired is being f ed into the preliminary mixing chamber 8, the apparatus is designed to vaporize the fuel within the spirit of the invention described and claimed inmy pending application for United States Letters Patent Serial No. 794,266 (series of 1900) in that a plurality of separated columns of vaporized fuel are formed and mixed with air and then these separate columns 'are intermixed. This preliminary mixing and then the intermixing are accom-V plished as described in said ,pending appli# cation by means of an-upperv and a lower baffling plate 81A and 82 respectively provided with spaced apertures which theA air from the 12 and 13 through primary air opening 11 passes. The openings 12'are larger than the openings 13 but said openings 12 the fuel and air.l The preliminary mixing chamber 8 is smaller in diameter than the mixing and combustion chamber proper 17 the upper part of which will be hereinafter fully described as a combustion chamber, so that some air passes up around said preliminary mixing. chamber 8: Upon emerging from the apertures 12, the separate columns' of vaporize'd fuel intermix, the resulting product being an extremely intimate intermixture of the vaporized liquid and air, the proportions of each being controlled by the relative sizes of the air and fuel suppply conduits, as well as bythe proportionsof the apertures 12 and 13 in the plates 81 and 82 of the preliminary mixing chamber.

For the purposes of starting up the automobile engine, the vaporized fuel is gasi-` `lied by means of a heating element 14 through ,which an electric current is passed which gasifies the fuel absorbed by a wicking 15 about which' the coil 14 is wound. Said wicking iscomprised of non-combustible and as far as possible non-destructible absorbent material and is placed above the preliminary mixing chamber v8, being held in place by the heating element 14 and further held in place by a metal collar 141 which islfastened to or can be made integrally with the upper plate 81 of the preliminary mixing chamber 8, said collar 141 being inside of.. the ,apertures 12' so that said wicking 15 lies in 'an idle or semi-idle spot. A part only of the fuel being drawn through is thus heated bythe Vheating element 14. A spark plug 16 is inserted over the wicking 15 and a sparkfis produced at the idle or semi-idle spot which starts into a flame the highly vaporized liquid producedby the acti'on of the heating element 14. The entire combustion chamber 17 is thus immediately filled with fire or llame and the vaporized liquid continuously drawn forward by the suction of the engine passes through this flame. The spark plug has one electrode at 25 which grounds the high tension current.l In order that the aforementionedflame may not pass into the engine and in order that no more than a small per cent. of .the vaporized liquid may be burned or consumed by the flame, choke plates'18 and 19 are provided, the former having anj ecting tubes 21, and the latter a central hole 53 leading -into the auxiliary air opening 54. VThe purpose ofthe tubes 21 is to spread the flame in the combustion chamber 17 and' thus keep the latter full of flame. These plates 18-and 1'9 effectually check the flame and allowthe highly gasified products of the incomplete combustion to' pass through to be mixed with the auxiliary air and then through the intake manifold to the engine cylinders. In order to make the action more positive and to sustain the supply. of gas at all times, a supplementary non-com-l bustible, non-destructible. wicking 22.is provided which is placed on topof the upper `plate 81 of the preliminary mixing cham-` ber 8 outside ofthe apertures 12. and'ad jacent to the'outer wall of said vpreliminary mixing chamber, .being held in placeby means of annular rings 221 formed integral with said chamber 8. In order to better control anl check the llame in the combustion chamber 17, a baille plate 23 is provided belowl the choke `plate 18 of somewhat smaller diameter than the diameter of the combustion chamber which, forces the llame outwardly thus assisting in the control of the same.I Said baille plate 23 is provided with an aperture 2,31, Fig. 5, located over the spark gap and which serves to promote gine, I use the priming tube 26 connected 105 with the priming cup 27 intol which latter may be poured a light fuel. After the engine' has been edectually started, the use of the heating element 14 is discontinued.

The auxiliary air intake 54 is suppliedL through the valve 41 guided by pin 411 and controlled by spring 42. The latter is adi justably seated on 43 and locked thereon in any predetermined position by means iio of lock screw 44 and the latter vis adjusted l by cap 4G which is in turn held in any predetermined position by spring 45. A dust cup 47. is also provided. As the suction from the engine increases, the valve 41 opens and is held by spring 42. A supplementary air valve 48 is provided having openings 49-.which is rotatably/mounted on a pin 50 and is held by a spring 51. The air passes through the openings 49 thence through the openings 52 in the carbureter body andv mingles withV the gas drawn through opening 53 from the combustion chamber 17 .4 The valve 48 is set and the openings `49 are constant.- l

The foregoing apparatus has been found to secure a complete gasification not only of the light distillates of petroleum, but also ofthe heavy distillates such as all grades of alcohol, kerosene and crude oil. The satisfactory use of these heavier distillates' efnot condense at ordinary atmospheric tem-l peratures, a gas which when further mixed with air is very highly explosive and which leaves little or no carbon or other deposit in the cylinders, and creates very little smoke at the exhaust. By the use of the heating element described, in combination with the preliminary mixing chamber which of itself intimately mixes and highly vaporizes the fuel and air, it is. not necessary to use the light distillates for starting the engine in order to raise the temperature of the working parts. The apparatus described has a very broad field of operations, in that gasolene and other light distillates may be gasified without the aid ofthe heating device or the ignition device; Aalso without the aid of these devices, my invention will more highly -vaporize kerosene and the heavy distillates than any other apparatus with which I am acquainted; and with the aid of these devices will convert these heavy distillates into a true gas highly satisfactory even for the starting of the engine. I desire to particularlypoint out that the combination of elements `which I have described procures very positive action of the engine under all running conditions. Furthermore, I desire to point out that, inasmuch as it is not necessary to rely on the `heat of the exhaust` gases,

my4 invention can beapplied to any type of internal combustion engine regardless lof the position of the exhaust manifold.

The various uses to which my improved apparatus can be'applied will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the various arts. The invention has already been successively applied to the gasification of kerosene for use in internal combustion engines, and it is for this reason that the foregoing description has dealt with such an application of the invention as affording the best and "clearest illustration of the preferred forms of the apparatus.

The method of gasifying liquids of Vwhich the use of the apparatus herein described, illustration,`

and hereinafter claimed, is an `will 'form the subject matter of another application for United 'States Letters Patent.`

l I claimv l. In apparatus of the character described, thecombination of fuel and air supply meahs; a mixing chamber; absorbentl material in said chamber; aA heating element disposed in juxtaposition to said absorbent material; an ignition device intersecting the wicking; a spark plug intersectingv the path of travel of the mixture; and baffling devices adapted to extinguish the lame caused by said spark plug.

3. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of fuel and air supply means; a4 mixing chamber; an absorbent ma-` terial disposed in a substantially idle spot in said chamber; a. heating element adapted .toi gasify the fuel absorbed by said material; an ignition device intersecting the ath of travel of said gasiiied fuel; and ba ing devices adapted to extinguish the flame caused by said ignition device.

4. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of fuel and air supply means; a mixing chamber; an absorbent wicking disposed in a substantially idle spot in said chamber; a heating element adapted to gasify the fuel absorbed by said wicking; a spark plug intersecting the path of travel ofv said gasified fuel; means adapted to spread the flame caused by said spark plug; and bafliing devices adapted to extinguish said flame'.

5. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of fuel and air supply means; a, preliminary mixing chamber and a main mixing chamber, part of said air being intimately intermixed with said fuel 'in said preliminary mixing chamber wheresaid air being intermixed with said vaporized fuel in said main mixing chamber; an abj sorbent material in said latter chamber; a

heating element adapted to gasify the vaporized fuel absorbed-by said material; an ignition device intersecting the path of travel of the mixture; and means adapted to extinguish theflame caused by said ignition device.

6. In apparatus of thecharacter described,

the combination of fuel and air supply ltheactive spots in said latter chamber; a heating element adapted to gasify the va- 13@ 12@ .means; a preliminary mixing chamber and porized fuel absorbed by said wicking; a

spark plug intersecting the path of travel of said gasiied fuel; and means adapted to extinguish the fiame causedv by said,y spark 5 plug.

the combination of fuel and primary air supply means ;A a preliminary mixing chamber and a main mixing chamber, part of' said primary ail` being uintimately 'intermixed With said fuel in said preliminary mixing chamber and the balance of said primary air being intermixed With said fuel in said main mixing chamber; aspark plug intersecting the path of travel of the mix- 'l ture; baffling devices adapted to extinguish the fia-Ine caused by. said spark plug; and means adapted to furnish auxiliary air to mix with the highly gasiied fuel produced by said flame.

8. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of fuel and air supply means; a mixing chamber; an absorbent material in said chamber; a heating element adapted to gasify the fuelabsorbed by said material; an ignition device intersecting the 7 In apparatus of the character described, I

path of travel ofthe mixture; means adapted to produce an air movement past the-ignition device; and baiiiing devices adapted 4to extinguish the flame caused by said ignition device.

9. In apparatus of the character described, A

GEoRGE A. EYNoN.

Attested by i NORTON MCGIFFIN, A. M. HARHAUS.

August 

